Spanish–English Cross-Linguistic Influence on Heritage Bilinguals’ Production of Uptalk

The present study examines the production of uptalk in Spanish and English by heritage speakers Southern California. Following L2 Intonation Learning Theory, we propose that cross-linguistic influence bilinguals’ may occur along multiple dimensions intonation. In this study, examined systemic dimension (i.e., presence with IP-final deaccenting), frequency realizational pitch excursion rise duration) uptalk. Our data showed three intonation demonstrate varying degrees influence. bilinguals produced deaccenting both languages dimension), but it more than dimension). That is, emerges Spanish, seem to recognize is an feature not allowed try suppress as much possible when producing Spanish. However, dimension, demonstrated either phonetic assimilation excursion) or individual variability conditioned language learning experience duration). asymmetry found across suggests that, two are competition for finite online resources, such case spontaneous speech production, phonological distinctions between L1 prosodic structures kept, whereas differences do lead any change meaning prone undergo order reduce processing cost. This attempts fill a gap literature on bringing attention bilinguals. Heritage bilingualism introduces bilingual contexts often left unnoticed traditional acquisition scenarios (e.g., transfer from intonation, dominance). Given many aspects shared bilinguals, investigation will contribute building robust models